Identification Keys

Yellow-Orange species....... similis alabamae titania charlottae small.......... (35-45) (30-40) (25-30) ?? range: eastern..... Que-Fl-Tx-Ont Md-Fl-Tx-Il Pa-Fl-Tx-Il Louisiana forewing:............ rs=tear shape a.a. dash uniform grey br shading hw bands......... i lp; o tr-dot i lp; o-tr-dot i lp; o tr-dot i lp; o ub fringe.......... or, bd or, bd or, bd or, bd Similis has a distinguishing "tear" shaped reniform spot and a light triangular patch near the apex. Alabamae is a more southerly, larger version of titania and has a dark region near the anal angle. Charlottae has more brown in subterminal region and a barely unbroken outer hind wing band.

Yellow-Orange species....... blandula crataegi mira clintoni small.......... (40-50) (40-50) (40-50) ?? range: eastern..... NB-Ga-Io-Alb Que-Ga-Ar-Man Que-Fl-Tx-Man Ont-Fl-Tx-Wi forewing:............ br basal area bl basal area light basal area basal dash hw bands......... i lp; o unbr i lp; o-tr-bar i lp; o unbr i lp; o tr-dot fringe.......... or, bd or, bd or, bd or, bd Blandula has fw brown basal area and hw unbroken outer black margin. Crataegi has fw black basal area extending along inner margin to anal angle and hw truncated outer margin followed by a bar. Mira has light fw basal area and continuous hw outer margin. Clintoni has dark fw basal dash and truncated hw outer margin followed by a dot.

Yellow-Orange species....... praeclara grynea sordida texarkana small.......... (40-50) (40-50) (37-45) (40-50) range: eastern..... Ont-Fl-Ks-Alb Que-Fl-Tx-Ont PEI-Fl-Tx-Sask Fl-Tx forewing:............ pale grey-green or-br along im dark im light md area hw bands......... i lp; o tr-dot i lp; o unbr i lp; o tr-dot i lp; o unbr fringe.......... or, bd or, bd cr at apex or, bd Praeclara has grey-green forewing with faint markings except for low basal dash and another dash slightly higher up near the anal angle. The hw outer margin is truncated and followed by a dot. Grynea has a strong greenish cast to the forewing with an orangy-brown bar along most of the inner margin. The hw outer bar is continuous but indented. The orange fringe is heavily barred. Sordida tends to be very dark around the forewing inner and outer margins. The hw outer band is truncated and followed by a dot. Note predominantly grey-black fringe except at apex and anal angle. Texarkana has lighter median area, brown subreniform and much brown scaling in subterminal area. The hw outer band is continuous but indented.

Yellow-Orange species....... micronympha dulciola louiseae antinympha small.......... (35-50) (40-45) (40-45) (45-55) range: eastern..... NH-Fl-Tx-Ont NY-Va-Mo-Mi NC-Fl-Ar NS-Md-Pa-Ont forewing:............ dk arc c-rs-apex double am line white smile very dark hw bands........ i l; o tr-dot i l; o unbr i l; o tr-dot i l; o unbr fringe.......... or, bd wh, dd wh, bd wh, bd Micronympha has a dark arc running from the costa through the reniform spot to the outer margin just below the apex. Dulciola has light grey forewings with faint markings except for a double black antemedial line. There is a distinct white "smile" (in spread specimens) between the reniform and subreniform spots in louiseae. There is also a narrow but distinct white line immediately following the black postmedial line. Antinympha is distinguished by its very dark grey, almost black forewings.

Yellow-Orange species....... jair amica amica "suffusa" messalina small.......... (35-40) (35-40) (35-40) (40-45) range: eastern..... NJ-Fl-Tx-NC Que-Fl-Ar-Ont Que-Fl-Ar-Ont Va-Fl-Tx-Ks forewing:............ smooth pm line jagged pm line dark i & o m unmkd, dark om hw bands........ no i; o tr-dot no i; o tr-dot no i; o tr-dot no i; o unbr fringe.......... wh, gr wh, gr wh, bd or, bd Jair has a very dark and relatively smooth postmedial line. Amica has a thinner, more jagged pm line with "suffusa" showing much darker scaling along the inner and outer margins. Messalina has a relatively uniform grey-green forewing with very faint markings.

Yellow-Orange species....... gracilis whitneyi amestris abbreviatella small.......... (40-45) (45-50) (45-50) (40-50) range: eastern..... NS-Fl-Tx-Man Oh-Tn-Ks-Man NC-Fl-Tx-Mi Pa-Fl-Tx-Wi forewing:............ dark i m dk wedges 3 dark areas u gr-gr, fnt lns hw bands........ i tr; o tr-dot i tr; unbr i tr; unbr i tr; o tr-dot fringe.......... or, bd ye, bd or, td wh-or, bd Gracilis resembles sordida but lacks the complete hw inner loop of that species. The forewing is dark along the inner margin. Whitneyi has distinct triangular wedges over the reniform spot and just outside the am line. Amestris as three dark areas descending half way down the forewing from the costa. Only in form "westcotti" is the outer black band unbroken. In abbreviatella the forewing is uniformly colored with narrow black lines on the anterior half. The outer black band of the hindwing is abbreviated and then continued with a dot.

Yellow-Orange species....... minuta olivia m. "gisela" connubialis small.......... (35-45) ?? (35-50) (37-47) range: eastern..... Ont-Fl-Tx-Mi Louisiana NH-Fl-Tx-Ont Va-Fl-Tx-Ks forewing:............ wh st line near c. dark br med area almost black unmkd, dark om hw bands........ i lp; o unbr i lp; o tr-dot i lp; o unbr i cp; o tr-dot fringe.......... ye, bd ye, bd ye, bd or, gr In minuta, the forewing is generally grey-brown with a greatly widened (near the costa only), white, subterminal line. The outer black band of the hindwing is unbroken and the inner band forms a complete loop with considerable brown scaling along the inner margin. The dark brown patch covering the lower half of the median area distinguishes olivia. Micronympha form "gisela" has an almost entirely black forewing. In connubialis forewing marks are distinctive on a white background.

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